Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Control Systems01:10

Control Systems

Control systems are everywhere in contemporary society, influencing diverse applications from aerospace to automated manufacturing. These systems can be found naturally within biological processes, such as blood sugar regulation and heart rate adjustment in response to stress, as well as in man-made systems like elevators and automated vehicles. A control system is essentially a network of subsystems and processes that collaboratively convert specific inputs into desired outputs.
At the heart...
Open and closed-loop control systems01:17

Open and closed-loop control systems

Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal and...
Feedback control systems01:26

Feedback control systems

Feedback control systems are categorized in various ways based on their design, analysis, and signal types.
Linear feedback systems are theoretical models that simplify analysis and design. These systems operate under the principle that their output is directly proportional to their input within certain ranges. For instance, an amplifier in a control system behaves linearly as long as the input signal remains within a specific range. However, most physical systems exhibit inherent nonlinearity...
Root-Locus Method01:19

Root-Locus Method

A cruise control system in a car is designed to maintain a specified speed automatically by adjusting the gas pedal. The system continuously measures the vehicle's speed and makes fine adjustments to the pedal to achieve this goal. The root locus method is particularly useful for understanding how the cruise control system's behavior changes under varying conditions, such as when the car goes uphill, downhill, or faces strong wind resistance.
This system can be represented by a block diagram,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Emergent and controllable behaviors of Janus swarmalator collectives.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

A widespread animal communication tempo may resonate with the receiver's brain.

PLoS biology·2026
Same author

Cooperation by non-kin during birth underpins sperm whale social complexity.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Tracking Tool for Fiddler Crabs in Natural Settings to Promote a Model Organism for Synchrony.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2026
Same author

Modeling the Evolution of Collective Synchrony.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2026
Same author

A general soft robotic controller inspired by neuronal structural and plastic synapses that adapts to diverse arms, tasks, and perturbations.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

DNA origami snaps into place.

Science robotics·2026
Same journal

A high-endurance DNA origami snap-through switch for functional nanoscale control.

Science robotics·2026
Same journal

Learning flight navigation like a honey bee.

Science robotics·2026
Same journal

Is your robot vacuum cleaner spying on you?

Science robotics·2026
Same journal

Do people feel safe in a robot's presence?

Science robotics·2026
Same journal

Stop chasing identical outcomes in HRI replication: Learn from the differences.

Science robotics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Using an Automated 3D-tracking System to Record Individual and Shoals of Adult Zebrafish
14:03

Using an Automated 3D-tracking System to Record Individual and Shoals of Adult Zebrafish

Published on: December 5, 2013

11.0K

Reverse engineering the control law for schooling in zebrafish using virtual reality.

Liang Li1,2,3,4, Máté Nagy1,2,3,5,6, Guy Amichay1,2,3,7,8,9

  • 1Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, 78464 Konstanz, Germany.

Science Robotics
|April 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers reverse-engineered zebrafish schooling behavior using virtual reality, discovering a simple control law called BioPD. This evolved mechanism for social pursuit shows promise for optimizing autonomous vehicle navigation.

More Related Videos

Ablation of a Neuronal Population Using a Two-photon Laser and Its Assessment Using Calcium Imaging and Behavioral Recording in Zebrafish Larvae
10:29

Ablation of a Neuronal Population Using a Two-photon Laser and Its Assessment Using Calcium Imaging and Behavioral Recording in Zebrafish Larvae

Published on: June 2, 2018

8.7K
Author Spotlight: High-Resolution 4D Light-Sheet Imaging and Virtual Reality in Zebrafish for Single-Cell Analysis of Heart Function
07:07

Author Spotlight: High-Resolution 4D Light-Sheet Imaging and Virtual Reality in Zebrafish for Single-Cell Analysis of Heart Function

Published on: January 5, 2024

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Using an Automated 3D-tracking System to Record Individual and Shoals of Adult Zebrafish
14:03

Using an Automated 3D-tracking System to Record Individual and Shoals of Adult Zebrafish

Published on: December 5, 2013

11.0K
Ablation of a Neuronal Population Using a Two-photon Laser and Its Assessment Using Calcium Imaging and Behavioral Recording in Zebrafish Larvae
10:29

Ablation of a Neuronal Population Using a Two-photon Laser and Its Assessment Using Calcium Imaging and Behavioral Recording in Zebrafish Larvae

Published on: June 2, 2018

8.7K
Author Spotlight: High-Resolution 4D Light-Sheet Imaging and Virtual Reality in Zebrafish for Single-Cell Analysis of Heart Function
07:07

Author Spotlight: High-Resolution 4D Light-Sheet Imaging and Virtual Reality in Zebrafish for Single-Cell Analysis of Heart Function

Published on: January 5, 2024

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Animal behavior
  • Robotics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Understanding collective behavior in biological systems is crucial.
  • Quantifying social interactions is key to identifying social deficits.
  • Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are a model organism for studying social behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reverse-engineer the sensory-motor control of social response during zebrafish schooling.
  • To test models of social interactions in situ using virtual reality.
  • To evaluate the potential of an evolved control law for autonomous systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized virtual reality technology with virtual robot fish to study juvenile zebrafish.
  • Developed a networked system allowing real fish to interact in a shared virtual environment.
  • Applied a Turing test and scalability test to validate the derived control law.

Main Results:

  • Identified single- and multitarget-oriented pursuit as a key feature of social response.
  • Demonstrated that zebrafish behavior is accurately modeled by a proportional derivative control law (BioPD).
  • Showed that the BioPD law is robust to incomplete sensory input and based on egocentric positional information.

Conclusions:

  • The evolved control law 'BioPD' fully accounts for key features of zebrafish social pursuit behavior.
  • The BioPD law offers a simple yet effective model for social interactions.
  • This evolved control law demonstrates potential for optimizing pursuit performance in autonomous vehicles across various domains.