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Pediatric Traumatic Canalicular Lacerations: Characteristics and Prognostic Factors
Ran Zhao1, Shaolei Han1,2, Yuan Wen1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Chang'an, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China.
Insights
Pediatric traumatic canalicular lacerations are influenced by laceration location, injury type, and delayed surgical repair. Awareness and prevention are key to reducing incidence in children.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Surgery
- Trauma Care
Background:
- Pediatric traumatic canalicular lacerations require understanding of epidemiological and clinical factors.
- Tertiary hospital data is crucial for analyzing treatment outcomes in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the epidemiologic and clinical features of pediatric traumatic canalicular lacerations.
- To identify prognostic factors influencing functional outcomes after surgical repair.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 89 pediatric patients with primary canalicular lacerations (2013-2022).
- Data collection included demographics, injury details, and surgical outcomes.
- Fisher's exact test assessed prognostic factors for functional outcomes.
Main Results:
- Lower canalicular lacerations (65/89) were most common; sharp object scratches (52.8%) were the leading cause.
- Significant prognostic factors for functional outcomes included laceration location (p=0.009), injury mechanism (p=0.045), and delayed surgical repair (p=0.032).
- Age, gender, affected side, stent type, and removal timing did not significantly impact outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Laceration location, injury mechanism, and delayed surgical repair are key prognostic factors for pediatric canalicular lacerations.
- Enhanced caregiver awareness, public education, and preventive measures are vital for reducing injury incidence.
- Further research can focus on optimizing surgical techniques and post-operative care for improved functional outcomes.
Abstract:
Background: To elucidate the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of pediatric traumatic canalicular lacerations treated at a tertiary hospital and analyze the prognostic factors of influencing functional outcomes. Methods: This retrospective review included all pediatric patients who sustained a primary canalicular laceration at Hebei Eye Hospital between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2022. Data on patient demographics, mode of injury, and surgical outcomes were collected through detailed chart review. The prognostic factors of affecting functional outcomes were assessed using Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. Results: The study included 89 pediatric patients (66 males and 23 females) with a mean age of 7.26 years. There were 65 patients with lower canalicular lacerations, 19 patients with upper lacerations, and 5 patients with concurrent lacerations. Right eye damage was observed in 51 patients and 38 with damage to the left eye. The most common cause of injury was scratches caused by sharp objects (52.8%), followed by electric bicycle accidents (18.0%), falls (18.0%), and dog bites (7.9%). Statistically significant prognostic factors for functional outcomes included the location of the laceration (p=0.009), mode of injury (p=0.045), and the time interval from injury to surgical repair (p=0.032). Conclusions: In this study, key prognostic factors for pediatric canalicular lacerations included laceration location, injury mechanism, and delay in surgical repair. Variables such as age, gender, affected side, stent type, and removal timing did not significantly impact outcomes. Increasing hazard awareness of the caregiver, enhancing public education, and implementing preventive measures to reduce injury incidence are crucial for prevention.
