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Cervical Extra-Mammary Myofibroblastoma- An Unusual Entity
Eric Tan Jin Wee1,2, Mohd Eksan Sairin2, Abd Razak Ahmad2
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150 Malaysia.
Summary
Extra-mammary myofibroblastoma, a rare benign tumor, was diagnosed in a patient's neck. This case highlights diagnostic challenges and confirms the tumor's excellent prognosis after surgical removal.
Area of Science:
- Pathology
- Oncology
- Rare Tumors
Background:
- Extra-mammary myofibroblastoma (EММ) is a rare benign spindle cell neoplasm.
- Typically found in axillary and inguinal regions, EMMs in the head and neck are exceptionally uncommon.
- This lesion can mimic malignant tumors, posing diagnostic challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of EMM in the anterior neck.
- To discuss the diagnostic difficulties in differentiating EMM from its malignant counterparts.
- To emphasize the favorable prognosis of EMM following surgical excision.
Main Methods:
- Histopathological examination of a neck mass.
- Immunohistochemistry for CD34, desmin, and Rb1 expression.
- Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to confirm diagnosis.
Main Results:
- Histology revealed spindle cells with positive CD34, desmin, and Rb1 expression.
- Rb1 expression, typically lost in EMM, presented a diagnostic challenge.
- FISH analysis confirmed the diagnosis of extra-mammary myofibroblastoma.
Conclusions:
- EMM in the neck is a rare presentation requiring careful pathological evaluation.
- Immunohistochemistry and FISH are crucial for accurate diagnosis, especially when Rb1 expression is present.
- Surgical removal ensures an excellent prognosis with a low recurrence rate for EMM.
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