Elevated Body Mass Index Aggravates Histopathological Changes and Postoperative Recurrence Risk in Nasal Polyps.

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Immunology
• Pathology

Background:

• Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a complex inflammatory condition.
• Understanding factors influencing recurrence is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and histopathological features.
• To determine the impact of BMI on the risk of postoperative recurrence in CRSwNP.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective clinical study of 577 CRSwNP patients.
• Patients classified into normal weight, overweight, and obese groups based on BMI.
• Analysis of histopathological features and 3-year postoperative recurrence rates.

Main Results:

• Overweight and obese CRSwNP patients showed higher recurrence rates, tissue eosinophil counts, and IL-5/IL-17A levels.
• Recurrent cases within overweight/obese groups had elevated eosinophils and IL-5/IL-17A.
• Obesity was associated with increased eosinophil infiltration and inflammatory markers, particularly during revision surgery.

Conclusions:

• Elevated BMI significantly impacts histopathological changes in CRSwNP.
• Overweight and obesity exacerbate tissue eosinophil infiltration and IL-5/IL-17A expression.
• These factors contribute to the recurrent mechanisms of CRSwNP, highlighting BMI as a risk factor.