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Mapping the Missing: Assessing Amphibian Sampling Completeness and Overlap With Global Protected Areas.

Jorge Mario Herrera-Lopera1,2,3, Mirco Solé1,2,4,5, Carlos A Cultid-Medina6,7

  • 1Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC) Ilhéus Brazil.

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Summary

Amphibian sampling is incomplete globally, with major data gaps in species-rich regions. Conservation areas like natural protected areas (NPAs) and key biodiversity areas (KBAs) poorly cover these under-sampled zones.

Keywords:
amphibian conservationdistribution data gapskey biodiversity areasnatural protected areasresearch prioritizationsampling completeness

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Area of Science:

  • Global amphibian diversity and distribution.
  • Conservation biology and biodiversity assessment.
  • Geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial analysis.

Background:

  • Amphibian populations face significant threats from global change.
  • Accurate distribution data is crucial for effective conservation planning.
  • Current amphibian data completeness varies significantly across biogeographic realms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess amphibian sampling completeness globally.
  • To evaluate the overlap between sampling completeness and protected areas (NPAs and KBAs).
  • To identify critical data-gap areas for amphibian research and conservation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of amphibian sampling completeness across six biogeographic realms.
  • Classification of areas into well-sampled, under-sampled, and data-gap categories.
  • Spatial overlap analysis between sampling categories and natural protected areas (NPAs) and key biodiversity areas (KBAs).

Main Results:

  • The Nearctic and Australasian realms show the highest sampling completeness.
  • Significant data gaps exist in the Afrotropical, Indo-Malayan, Neotropical, and Palearctic realms.
  • Less than 35% spatial overlap was found between under-sampled/data-gap areas and NPAs/KBAs.

Conclusions:

  • Amphibian distribution data is largely incomplete, especially in species-rich tropical realms.
  • Existing conservation priorities inadequately cover critical under-sampled amphibian habitats.
  • Urgent conservation action is needed to address data gaps and protect amphibian diversity.