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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Deciding Thickness of Lubricating Fluid in a Shaft01:23

Design Example: Deciding Thickness of Lubricating Fluid in a Shaft

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Effective lubrication between a rotating shaft and its bearing housing is essential in rotating machinery to minimize friction, wear, and energy loss. With carefully controlled thickness and viscosity, the lubricant layer prevents metal-to-metal contact, ensuring smooth operation.
To calculate the required thickness of the lubricant layer, the tangential velocity at the shaft's surface must first be determined. This velocity is calculated by converting the rotational speed to angular...
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Dry Friction01:30

Dry Friction

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Dry friction occurs between two solid surfaces in contact as they attempt to move relative to one another. In daily life, dry friction is encountered in various forms, such as when walking on the ground, sliding an object across a table, or rubbing hands together. Despite its ubiquity, the underlying mechanisms behind dry friction are not readily visible.
To illustrate this concept, imagine a wooden crate resting on a rough, non-uniform horizontal surface. When an external force is applied to...
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Characteristics of Dry Friction01:21

Characteristics of Dry Friction

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Dry friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide against each other without any lubrication or fluid present. It causes resistance when pushing objects along a surface, like a gardener pushing a wheelbarrow. The force applied to move the cart causes dry friction between the wheel and the ground.
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Contact Angle01:13

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When a solid is dipped inside a liquid, the liquid surface becomes curved near the contact. For some solid–liquid interfaces, the liquid is pulled up along the solid, while for others, the liquid surface is convex or depressed near the solid surface. This phenomenon can be explained using the concept of cohesive and adhesive forces.
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Frictional Force01:07

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When a body is in motion, it encounters resistance because the body interacts with its surroundings. This resistance is known as friction, a common yet complex force whose behavior is still not completely understood. Friction opposes relative motion between systems in contact, but also allows us to move. Friction arises in part due to the roughness of surfaces in contact. For one object to move along a surface, it must rise to where the peaks of the surface can skip along the bottom of the...
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Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

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Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2025

Preparation and High-temperature Anti-adhesion Behavior of a Slippery Surface on Stainless Steel
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Material Design for Durable Lubricant-Infused Surfaces That Can Reduce Liquid and Solid Fouling.

Fan-Wei Wang1,2, Jianxing Sun2,3, Anish Tuteja1,2,3,4

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.

ACS Nano
|May 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs) show promise for preventing fouling. This review provides design guidelines to create durable LISs, overcoming challenges in lubricant layer stability for commercial applications.

Keywords:
Lubricant-infused surfaceadhesionbiofoulingfoulingliquid-like polymer brushlubricant depletionmaterial designsolid slippery surfacewettability

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Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars
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Last Updated: May 21, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Tribology

Background:

  • Liquid and solid fouling poses significant challenges in industrial and natural environments, impacting efficiency, costs, and equipment longevity.
  • Lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs), inspired by pitcher plants, offer potential antifouling properties against diverse foulants like ice, bacteria, and mineral deposits.
  • Current limitations in LIS commercial viability stem from the instability of the lubricant layer during operation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide systematic material design guidelines for fabricating durable lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs).
  • To address the critical challenge of maintaining lubricant layer stability in LISs for practical applications.
  • To advance the field of antifouling surfaces through a comprehensive design methodology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fundamental design principles for antifouling LISs.
  • Discussion of methodologies for evaluating the fouling resistance of LISs.
  • Exploration of strategies to enhance lubricant retention and prevent lubricant loss from LISs.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key material design parameters crucial for LIS durability.
  • Evaluation of various methods to assess the antifouling performance and lubricant stability of LISs.
  • Development of strategies to mitigate lubricant depletion under operational conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Durable LISs can be fabricated by adhering to systematic material design principles.
  • Overcoming lubricant layer instability is key to the commercial viability of LIS technology.
  • This review provides a framework to guide future research and development in antifouling surface technologies for diverse industrial applications.