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Published on: July 16, 2019
Epigenetic perspectives on wheat speciation, adaptation, and development
Xuemei Liu1, Dongzhi Wang2, Zhaoheng Zhang1
1Laboratory of Advanced Breeding Technologies, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Abstract:
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) has undergone a complex evolutionary history shaped by polyploidization, domestication, and adaptation. Recent advances in multiomics approaches have shed light on the role of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin accessibility, and noncoding RNAs, in regulating gene expression throughout these processes. Epigenomic reprogramming contributes to genome stability and subgenome differentiation and modulates key agronomic traits by influencing flowering time, environmental responses, and developmental programs. This review synthesizes current insights into epigenetic regulation of wheat speciation, adaptation, and development, highlighting their potential applications in crop improvement. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms will facilitate targeted breeding strategies leveraging epigenetic variations to enhance wheat resilience and productivity in the face of changing environments.
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