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Developing an intuitive decision support system for equitable vaccine distribution during pandemics.

Lise Boey1, Hossein Baharmand2, Ross Owen Phillips3

  • 1Access-To-Medicines Research Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

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Summary

This study introduces a novel decision support system (DSS) to aid health officials in equitable vaccine distribution during pandemics. The system, tested during COVID-19, addresses the central vaccine allocation problem for timely and impactful decisions.

Keywords:
COVID-19Decision-support systemSystem dynamicsUser-centered approachVaccine supply chain

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Systems Management
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Effective vaccine supply chain management is critical for pandemic response.
  • Limited information and time constraints challenge health officials during vaccine distribution.
  • Previous pandemic experiences, like H1N1, offer valuable lessons for current strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel decision support system (DSS) for optimizing vaccine distribution during pandemics.
  • To assist health officials and policymakers in making timely and informed decisions regarding vaccine allocation.
  • To address the central vaccine allocation problem (CVAP) for equitable distribution.

Main Methods:

  • Combined a stakeholder-informed systems approach with user-centered design for DSS development.
  • Utilized system modeling to incorporate knowledge from past pandemics (H1N1).
  • Employed a Lightning Decision Jam workshop for defining DSS characteristics, focusing on scenario visualization and decision transparency.

Main Results:

  • Developed a dashboard-embedded mathematical model as a DSS for in-country central vaccine allocation.
  • Validated the DSS with policymakers in the Norwegian context.
  • Designed the DSS for flexibility and adaptation to other regions, especially those with vaccine supply deficits.

Conclusions:

  • The developed DSS offers a practical and novel approach to support critical pandemic-related decision-making.
  • Enhanced decision support systems can improve the efficiency and equity of vaccine distribution.
  • The user-centered and stakeholder-informed methodology provides a transferable framework for future DSS development in public health emergencies.