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Updated: May 6, 2026
Ambient Method for the Production of an Ionically Gated Carbon Nanotube Common Cathode in Tandem Organic Solar Cells
Published on: November 5, 2014
A cathode interlayer based on an indandione-terminated quinoidal compound enables 19% efficiency in binary organic
Haoran Gu1,2, Yao Tong3, Hongli Xu4
1School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China. yunfeng.deng@tju.edu.cn.
None:
Cathode interlayers (CILs) are critical components in organic solar cells (OSCs), yet high-performance CILs remain predominantly reliant on aromatic units. Herein, we rationally design and synthesize a CIL (Q6P) based on an indandione-terminated quinoidal structure. The molecular structure of Q6P was unambiguously confirmed through single-crystal X-ray diffraction and supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Incorporating phosphonate side chains not only enhanced the solubility of Q6P in polar solvents but also imparted self-doping characteristics, with the self-doping mechanism verified experimentally. Additionally, the quinoidal framework and low-lying LUMO energy level synergistically improved the self-doping level of Q6P. Q6P also demonstrated good charge transport and efficient charge extraction. When integrated into OSCs, the Q6P-based devices achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 19%.
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