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Using Gesture and Speech to Control Surgical Lighting Systems: Mixed Methods Study.

Nima Zargham1, Anke V Reinschluessel2, Andre Mühlenbrock1

  • 1Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.

JMIR Human Factors
|May 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a touch-free system for controlling surgical lighting systems (SLSs) using voice and gestures. The novel approach enhances operating room efficiency and sterility by allowing intuitive, hands-free light adjustments.

Keywords:
artificial intelligencegesture recognitionoperating theatersmart lightingspeech interactionsurgical lighting systems

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Area of Science:

  • Medical technology
  • Human-computer interaction
  • Surgical innovation

Background:

  • Traditional surgical lighting systems (SLSs) require manual adjustment, posing sterility and accessibility challenges.
  • Current SLS operation relies on assistants, potentially lacking medical context or expertise.
  • Manual adjustments can lead to suboptimal illumination and collision risks in the operating room.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel touch-free interaction concept for controlling surgical lighting systems (SLSs).
  • To explore the use of speech and gesture modalities for intuitive SLS control in surgical environments.

Main Methods:

  • Employed an iterative, user-centered design with participatory sessions.
  • Conducted literature reviews, surgical site observations, and stakeholder interviews.
  • Performed user studies in both virtual reality and a living laboratory setting.

Main Results:

  • The touch-free interaction concept for SLS control was found to be viable and intuitive by surgical experts.
  • Speech and gesture modalities proved helpful and flexible, with some tasks better suited to specific inputs.
  • Despite technical limitations, the system demonstrated significant potential for improving operating room conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed touch-free interaction concept offers a promising alternative to traditional SLS adjustments.
  • This innovation has the potential to enhance surgical conditions and improve workflow in the operating room.