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Published on: December 16, 2022
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Associations between Diet and Cognitive Function in Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Sasan Amanat1, Aimee L Dordevic2, Amy Brodtmann3
1Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
|May 12, 2025
Summary
Dietary interventions show promise for post-stroke cognitive function. Energy-protein supplements may improve cognition, while B-vitamin supplements show no benefit. Further research is needed for other dietary strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Nutrition Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Poststroke cognitive decline is a significant cause of disability.
- Dietary interventions are explored for cognitive health, but their impact on stroke survivors is not well-established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evidence on diet and cognitive function in adult stroke survivors.
- To evaluate the effects of various nutritional exposures and interventions on cognitive performance and dementia risk.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational and interventional studies.
- Searched MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and CINHAL databases up to December 16, 2024.
- Included 20 clinical trials and 14 observational studies.
Main Results:
- Energy-protein supplementation positively impacted global cognition (SMD: 0.62).
- B-vitamin supplementation showed a negative association with cognitive outcomes (SMD: -0.40).
- Mediterranean-DASH, plant-based diets, fruits, milk, coffee, vitamin E, and selenium were linked to better cognition; butter, sugar, and calcium were linked to negative outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Energy-protein supplementation may benefit post-stroke cognition.
- B-vitamin supplementation does not appear to improve cognitive function after stroke.
- Heterogeneity in studies limits definitive conclusions on other dietary strategies.
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