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Updated: Jun 16, 2025

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A Food-Based Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics Learning Program May Improve Preschool

Virginia C Stage1, Jocelyn B Dixon1, Pauline Grist1

  • 1Department of Agricultural & Human Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.

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The More PEAS Please! program improved science knowledge and academic vocabulary in Head Start children. Further research is needed to confirm effects on fruit and vegetable intake.

Keywords:
Head StartSTEAMVeggie Meter®food-based learninginterventionpreschoolscience

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Area of Science:

  • Early Childhood Education
  • Nutritional Science
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Early childhood is crucial for developing dietary preferences and school readiness skills.
  • Few evidence-based programs address both nutrition and academic development.
  • The "More PEAS Please!" program was designed to fill this gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the preliminary effects of the "More PEAS Please!" program.
  • To evaluate impacts on science knowledge, academic language, fruit-and-vegetable (FV) liking, and dietary quality.
  • To examine outcomes in Head Start children aged 3-5 years.

Main Methods:

  • Pilot study utilizing a repeated-measure research design.
  • Teachers implemented 16 food-based science-learning activities.
  • Validated measures assessed science knowledge, academic language, FV liking, and dietary quality (Veggie Meter®).
  • Linear mixed models analyzed changes from baseline to post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • 273 children participated, predominantly male (51.6%) and Black/African American (82.1%).
  • Significant improvements observed in science knowledge (p < 0.001) and academic vocabulary (p < 0.001).
  • Dietary quality showed non-significant improvement from baseline.

Conclusions:

  • The "More PEAS Please!" intervention shows promise for enhancing science knowledge and academic vocabulary in preschoolers.
  • A longer intervention duration and increased fruit and vegetable exposure may be necessary for significant dietary changes.
  • Future studies should incorporate a comparison group to further validate program effects.