A Shared Decision-Making Model for Ethical Knee Pain Care in Older Muslim Adults

Knee pain poses a substantial concern for older Muslim individuals during religious activities, such as performing salat. When assisting such patients with knee pain management, healthcare professionals may face ethical challenges. This paper explored ethical challenges encountered by older Indonesian Muslims experiencing knee pain, particularly, when considering total knee replacement surgery. The four-box method was used to analyze these challenges, and a "Healthcare providers' Shared Decision-Making Model for Muslim Older Adult Knee Pain Management in Indonesia" framework was established to address these challenges and guide professionals in collaborating with older Muslim adults for knee pain management.