In situ construction of multifunctional femtosecond laser-induced graphene on arbitrary substrates

The construction of laser-induced graphene (LIG) on various substrates is important for expanding new applications. However, current LIG transfer technologies are hampered by limited substrates, complicated processes, induced graphene defects, and single function. Herein, a facile laser processing method is proposed for in situ construction of multifunctional femtosecond laser-induced graphene (FsLIG) on arbitrary substrates utilizing femtosecond laser acting on polyimide tape. Unlike previous LIG transfer research, the proposed method is applicable to any substrates without introducing additional graphene defects, while also exhibiting multifunctionality. Raman spectra results confirm successful fabrication of FsLIG on various substrates involving paper, aluminum, ceramic, and silicon. Taking paper for example, FsLIG demonstrates multifunctional characteristics including high water contact angle (∼153.4°), large absorptance (∼98.8%), low sheet resistance (∼82.0 Ω sq^-1), and reliable temperature sensing (∼-0.089% °C^-1) properties. Our study provides a reliable pathway for fabricating multifunctional FsLIG on arbitrary substrates.