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Association of Trainee Gender With Critically-Ill Trauma Patient Outcomes.

Nicole B Lyons1, Luciana Tito Bustillos1, Brianna L Collie1

  • 1Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, and Ryder Trauma Center, Miami, Florida.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|May 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Outcomes for critically-ill trauma patients were similar regardless of whether surgical trainees were all female or all male. This study found no significant difference in mortality or other outcomes between female/female and male/male trauma teams.

Keywords:
ComplicationsGender disparityMortalityOutcomesResidencyTraineesTrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Surgical Education
  • Patient Outcomes

Background:

  • Previous studies indicated better outcomes with female attending surgeons.
  • The impact of trainee gender composition on critically-ill trauma patient care was previously unevaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if gender differences in outcomes observed with attending surgeons extend to surgical trainees.
  • To compare patient outcomes between all-female and all-male surgical trainee teams in trauma care.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of a level 1 trauma center registry (October 2015 - December 2021).
  • Inclusion of patients with an Injury Severity Score ≥25.
  • Analysis of trauma teams comprising either two female (FF) or two male (MM) trainees, comparing primary outcome of mortality and secondary outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 1909 patients met criteria; 625 were on FF or MM teams.
  • Mortality was 22.7% for FF teams versus 25.5% for MM teams (P = 0.496).
  • No significant differences were observed in secondary outcomes, including length of stay and complication rates.

Conclusions:

  • No statistically significant difference in mortality or secondary outcomes for severely injured trauma patients based on trainee gender composition.
  • Findings suggest trainee gender does not impact outcomes in this setting.
  • This research can help mitigate gender bias in surgery by demonstrating equivalent performance.