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A new analytical protocol for the determination of cadmium in sunflower oil samples: Micro-sampling cold vapor
Süleyman Bodur1, Bahar Karademir Tutar2, Sezin Erarpat Bodur2
1Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye; İstinye University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 34408 İstanbul, Türkiye; İstinye University, Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center, 34408 İstanbul, Türkiye.
Abstract:
This study presents a new analytical method for the determination of cadmium at trace levels in sunflower oil using vortex assisted reverse phase-spraying-based fine droplet formation liquid phase microextraction method (VA-RP-SFDF-LPME), followed by micro-sampling cold vapor generation-atomic absorption spectrometry (CVG-AAS) system. Micro-sampling - gas liquid separator unit was custom designed in our laboratory to transfer the analyte-rich phase to the CVG-AAS system. Under the optimum conditions of the VA-RP-SFDF-LPME-micro-sampling-CVG-AAS method, the limit of detection, limit of quantitation and working dynamic range were found as 0.13 μg/kg, 0.44 μg/kg and 0.53-10.39 μg/kg, respectively. The percent recovery results for the spiked sunflower samples ranged from 87.6 % to 101.1 %. The greenness and practicality of developed method were assessed using AGREEprep and BAGI tools, which scored 0.27 and 62.5 points, respectively. This method offers an effective and environmentally friendly solution for detecting cadmium contamination in edible oil samples.
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