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Enhancing zinc anode stability via dual-additive electrolyte engineering.

Jiaming Li1,2, Junyi Han1,2, Nan Li1,2

  • 1Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China. zhyangcsu611@163.com.

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This study introduces a dual-additive electrolyte using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and potassium iodide (KI) to stabilize zinc anodes. This strategy significantly extends the cycle life of zinc-ion hybrid capacitors to over 20,000 cycles.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Zinc anodes are crucial for high-energy-density batteries but suffer from poor stability and dendrite formation.
  • Developing stable electrolytes is key to unlocking the full potential of zinc-based energy storage devices.
  • Current strategies often face limitations in long-term performance and efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel dual-additive electrolyte strategy for enhancing zinc anode stability.
  • To investigate the synergistic effects of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and potassium iodide (KI) on zinc deposition.
  • To improve the cycle life and performance of zinc-ion hybrid capacitors.

Main Methods:

  • Electrolyte formulation with specific concentrations of NADH and KI.
  • Electrochemical characterization including cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
  • Long-term cycling tests of zinc-ion hybrid capacitors with the optimized electrolyte.

Main Results:

  • NADH forms a protective anti-corrosion layer on the zinc anode surface via specific adsorption.
  • Potassium iodide (KI) addition homogenizes the zinc ion (Zn2+) flux, promoting uniform zinc deposition.
  • The optimized dual-additive electrolyte enabled zinc-ion hybrid capacitors to achieve stable cycling for over 20,000 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The dual-additive electrolyte strategy effectively enhances zinc anode stability and longevity.
  • Synergistic action of NADH and KI is crucial for improved electrochemical performance.
  • This approach offers a promising pathway for developing high-performance and durable zinc-ion hybrid capacitors.