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The Effect of Velocity-Based Training on Inducing Postactivation Performance Enhancement
Ziqi Fan1, Zilin Fan2, Zhiwei Zhao1
1School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
International Journal of Sports Medicine
|May 21, 2025
Summary
Velocity-based training (VBT) conditioning activities (CA) significantly enhance athletic performance. Optimal timing involves performing a single set of VBT-CA 5.8-12.8 minutes before explosive activity for peak post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE).
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Exercise Physiology
- Performance Enhancement
Background:
- Post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) is a phenomenon where a prior conditioning activity (CA) can potentiate subsequent explosive performance.
- Velocity-based training (VBT) offers a precise method for prescribing and monitoring CA intensity and fatigue.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of VBT-CA on athletic performance.
- To explore factors influencing PAPE, including CA type, velocity loss (VL), load, sets, and rest intervals.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies involving 152 participants.
- Meta-analysis of pre- and post-test differences, subgroup analyses, and nonlinear meta-regression for rest interval effects.
Main Results:
- VBT-CA significantly improved athletic performance.
- Trends suggested larger PAPE effects with bench press-type CA, VL ≤ 10%, load ≥ 80% 1RM, single-set CA, and in athlete populations.
- Optimal PAPE effect occurred 8.96 minutes post-CA, with significant effects between 5.77 and 12.8 minutes.
Conclusions:
- VBT-CA is an effective strategy for inducing PAPE.
- Recommendations for optimizing VBT-CA include using a single set, load ≥ 80% 1RM, VL ≤ 10%, and timing the CA 5.8-12.8 minutes before the target explosive activity.
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