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Fresh Frozen Cadavers as a Novel Training Model for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
Guglielmo Mantica1, Francesco Chierigo2, Thomas Tailly3
1Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
Research and Reports in Urology
|May 22, 2025
Summary
Fresh-frozen cadavers (FFC) offer a realistic training model for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). This effective approach enhances surgical skills development while reducing risks associated with live patient procedures.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Surgical Education
- Anatomical Models
Background:
- Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a key procedure for kidney stone removal.
- Effective training models are crucial for developing PCNL skills.
- Current models may have limitations in realism or safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate fresh-frozen cadavers (FFC) as a novel training model for ultrasound-guided supine PCNL.
- To assess the content validity and realism of the FFC model for PCNL training.
Main Methods:
- Sixteen urologists participated in a 2-day training course using the FFC model.
- Participants underwent ultrasound-guided supine PCNL procedures.
- A 24-question Likert scale survey evaluated the FFC model's performance and realism.
Main Results:
- Thawed FFCs provided realistic tactile sensations and calyceal distensibility.
- Ultrasound (US) imaging quality improved after irrigation.
- Rigor mortis in cadavers presented challenges in positioning compared to live procedures.
Conclusions:
- Fresh-frozen cadavers (FFC) demonstrate strong content validity for PCNL training.
- The FFC model offers a realistic and effective training experience.
- This model is a promising tool for developing critical surgical skills with minimized risks.
