Optimizing homology-directed repair for gene editing: the potential of single-stranded DNA donors
Ying-Ying Jin1, Peng Zhang1, De-Pei Liu2
1State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
Abstract:
CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) system-based precise genome editing remarkably impacts both scientific investigation and therapeutic practices. Among various techniques, DNA donor-mediated homology-directed repair (HDR) represents a promising method for precise gene editing. Although efficiency constraints have previously limited HDR, recent advancements have significantly enhanced its effectiveness. Therefore, it is essential to highlight the progress made in this field and to reassess the potential of the HDR approach. In this review, we explore the fundamental principles of HDR-dependent gene editing and evaluate current strategies to enhance HDR efficiency, with particular emphasis on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) donor-mediated HDR. Finally, we discuss the prospects of high-efficiency ssDNA donor-mediated precise gene editing in laboratory research and clinical therapies.
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