Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 13, 2026
13:07
Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
Published on: January 15, 2022
3.8K
Hemodynamics in aortic dissections: A fluid-solid interaction study in an idealized dissection model with a false
Amith Balasubramanya1, Lise Gheysen1, Markus U Wagenhäuser2
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Belgium.
Journal of Biomechanics
|May 31, 2025
Summary
Side-branches (SBs) in Type-B aortic dissection (TBAD) increase pressures in the true lumen (TL) and false lumen (FL). SBs in the FL reduce FL ejection fraction and dissected membrane motion, impacting TBAD hemodynamics.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Mechanics
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medical Imaging and Simulation
Background:
- Side-branches (SBs) from the false lumen (FL) in Type-B aortic dissection (TBAD) affect FL patency and growth.
- Understanding FL hemodynamics is critical for TBAD management.
- Fluid-solid interaction (FSI) simulations offer insights into complex aortic dissection mechanics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare FL hemodynamics under different SB configurations in TBAD using FSI simulation.
- To quantify the impact of SB presence and location on TL and FL pressures, flow, and membrane displacement.
- To elucidate the role of SBs in TBAD pathophysiology.
Main Methods:
- A strongly coupled Fluid-Solid Interaction (FSI) simulation was employed.
- Four scenarios were simulated: no SB (NSB), SB in FL (SB_FL), SB in FL with no re-entry tear (SB_FL_1T), and SB in TL (SB_TL).
- Pulsatile mass flow inlet and Windkessel models at outlets ensured consistent total vascular resistance.
Main Results:
- SB presence increased systolic pressures in both TL and FL, with the highest increase observed for SB_FL.
- SBs in the FL reduced FL ejection fraction (FLEF) and increased cycle-averaged transmembrane pressure (TMP¯).
- NSB showed the largest dissected membrane displacement, while SB_FL exhibited the smallest.
Conclusions:
- SBs significantly alter TBAD hemodynamics beyond flow velocity changes, increasing TL and FL pressures.
- SBs, particularly those in the FL, influence FL function and aortic wall motion.
- While findings are based on idealized geometry, they highlight the hemodynamic importance of SBs in TBAD.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction
IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
01:30Aneurysm I: Introduction
An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
01:26Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care
Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...