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Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

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Published on: February 14, 2018

Histochemistry Testing for Cutaneous Fungal Infections: A Meta-Analysis.

Manisha V Vadali¹, Melissa A Gener¹, Garth R Fraga¹

¹University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology

|June 4, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

For diagnosing onychomycosis, Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining shows higher sensitivity than Grocott methenamine silver (GMS) staining. More research is needed for deep fungal infection diagnostic accuracy.

Keywords:

dermatomycoses meta‐analysis methenamine onychomycosis periodic acid

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Area of Science:

Medical Mycology
Diagnostic Pathology
Histochemistry

Background:

Histochemistry is frequently used to diagnose cutaneous fungal infections.
Comparative diagnostic accuracy of Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Grocott methenamine silver (GMS) remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the diagnostic accuracy of PAS and GMS for fungal infections.
To evaluate histochemical testing for onychomycosis and deep fungal infections.

Main Methods:

A meta-analysis of 23 studies (4404 patients) for onychomycosis.
A meta-analysis of 7 studies (1221 patients) for deep fungal infections.

Main Results:

PAS sensitivity for onychomycosis: 0.84 (vs. GMS: 0.73).
Specificity could not be calculated due to lack of reference standards.
PAS showed higher estimated sensitivity for deep fungal infections (0.73) than GMS (0.49), but with wide confidence intervals.

Conclusions:

PAS is preferred over GMS for onychomycosis when factors are equal.
Reliable conclusions on deep fungal infection accuracy cannot be drawn from current literature.
Well-designed diagnostic accuracy studies are needed for deep fungal infections.