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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

606
Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
606
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

821
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
821
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

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Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
1.3K
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

564
Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
564
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

509
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
509

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

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Regional Analgesia for Oral Surgery in Rabbits.

Vladimir Jekl1, Karel Hauptman2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Veterinary Universtity Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic; Jekl & Hauptman Veterinary Clinic, Mojmirovo namesti 3105/6a, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Exotic Animal Practice
|June 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Local anesthetics are crucial for pain management and reducing general anesthetic doses in rabbits. This article details specific nerve block techniques for rabbit dental procedures, enhancing analgesia.

Keywords:
AnalgesiaAnesthesiaExtractionLocal analgesiaOral nerve blockRabbitSurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Anesthesiology
  • Dentistry

Background:

  • Local anesthetics are integral to analgesic and anesthetic protocols in human and veterinary medicine.
  • They reduce pain at the procedure site and decrease the requirement for general anesthetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe local anesthetic techniques for dental procedures in rabbits.
  • To highlight the benefits of local analgesia in common rabbit surgeries.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed description of mandibular nerve block.
  • Explanation of mental nerve block technique.
  • Overview of maxillary nerve block, infraorbital nerve block, and intraligamentary anesthesia.

Main Results:

  • The article outlines specific nerve blocks applicable to rabbit dental procedures.
  • Techniques discussed include mandibular, mental, maxillary, and infraorbital nerve blocks, along with intraligamentary anesthesia.

Conclusions:

  • Local anesthetic techniques are vital for effective pain management in rabbit dental procedures.
  • Procedures like tooth extractions and biopsies benefit significantly from these analgesic methods.