Biomaterials in Alzheimer's Disease: An Anti-Neuroinflammatory Perspective

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Biomaterials Science
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Neuroinflammation is a critical driver in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression.
• Overactive inflammation leads to neuronal damage, necessitating targeted anti-inflammatory strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in biomaterial-based therapies for neuroinflammation in neurological disorders.
• To highlight the opportunities and challenges in translating these therapies to clinical practice.

Main Methods:

• Review of preclinical and clinical studies on biomaterials for neuroinflammation.
• Analysis of various biomaterial types: nanoparticles (NPs), hydrogels, scaffolds, nanofibers, and exosomes.
• Evaluation of therapeutic delivery mechanisms and tissue repair support.

Main Results:

• Biomaterials enable precise, localized delivery of therapeutics, modulating neuroinflammation.
• Nanoparticles facilitate targeted drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
• Hydrogels and scaffolds offer sustained release and support neural regeneration.

Conclusions:

• Biomaterials show significant potential for treating neuroinflammation in AD and other neurological disorders.
• Clinical translation faces hurdles including biocompatibility, BBB penetration, and adaptive inflammatory responses.
• Further research is needed to overcome challenges and realize the full therapeutic potential of biomaterials.