The Interplay Between Pulmonary Hypertension and Atrial Fibrillation: A Comprehensive Overview

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pulmonology
• Pathophysiology

Background:

• Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive lung disease causing right ventricular dysfunction.
• Atrial arrhythmias, like atrial fibrillation (AF), are prevalent in PH patients, worsening outcomes.
• A bidirectional link exists between PH and AF, involving shared mechanisms and risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the epidemiology of PH and AF.
• To explore the molecular mechanisms linking PH and AF.
• To identify novel therapeutic targets for PH-AF comorbidity.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of existing research on PH and AF.
• Analysis of shared pathophysiological pathways (endothelial dysfunction, autophagy, inflammation, oxidative stress).
• Identification of mutual risk factors (diabetes, obesity, aging).

Main Results:

• PH and AF share common molecular pathways and risk factors.
• The interplay between PH and AF contributes to disease progression and mortality.
• Limited research currently hinders effective treatment development.

Conclusions:

• PH and AF have a complex, interconnected relationship.
• Targeting shared mechanisms offers potential for novel therapies.
• Further research is crucial for developing mechanism-based treatments for this patient group.