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Related Experiment Video

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Video Movement Analysis Using Smartphones ViMAS: A Pilot Study

Video Movement Analysis Using Smartphones ViMAS: A Pilot Study

Published on: March 14, 2017

Hospitalist time-motion studies: A systematic review.

Samuel Porter¹, Michelle Knees¹, Laura Meimari²

¹Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

Journal of Hospital Medicine

|June 12, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Optimal hospitalist workflows are unclear. Time and motion studies (TMSs) show direct patient care is only 18% of a hospitalist's time, but study quality varies greatly, hindering progress.

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Area of Science:

Healthcare Management
Medical Informatics
Clinical Operations

Background:

Hospitalist workflows and workloads require optimization, with current practices ill-defined.
Time and motion studies (TMSs) provide insights but suffer from methodological inconsistencies and lack of standardization.
Understanding hospitalist time allocation is crucial for improving efficiency and patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review time and motion studies (TMSs) of hospitalist workflows.
To analyze trends in direct versus indirect patient care time for hospitalists.
To develop and apply a novel quality assessment tool for evaluating TMS studies.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature search of Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases.
Inclusion of observational or quantitative TMS studies on US general adult hospitalists reporting time allocation.
Quality assessment using a tool adapted from the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Main Results:

Seven studies met inclusion criteria, revealing direct patient care averaged 18% (range: 13%-25%) of observed time.
Significant variability in study quality was observed (scores 2-5/8 stars), precluding statistical trend analysis.
Limited representation of diverse settings and work shifts in the included studies.

Conclusions:

Standardized TMS methodologies are essential for accurate hospitalist workflow assessment and longitudinal comparisons.
A novel quality assessment tool highlights the need for improved study design in TMS research.
Future research should incorporate validated tools, address multitasking, and explore metrics beyond productivity.