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Calcium Medronate-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks as Multifunctional Biomaterials.

Pablo Salcedo-Abraira1, María Fernández-Grajera2,3, Francisco A Guerrero-Román1

  • 1Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Granada, Avda. Fuente nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.

Crystal Growth & Design
|June 12, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel calcium-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) synthesized from medronic acid show potential for bone healing and infection treatment. These MOFs degrade into bone-like apatite and exhibit antibacterial properties against common pathogens.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are increasingly explored for drug delivery due to their tunable properties.
  • Bisphosphonates (BPs), such as medronic acid (MA), are crucial in treating bone diseases like osteoporosis.
  • MOFs derived from bioactive molecules offer potential for localized drug release and therapeutic effects in bone regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel calcium-based MOFs using medronic acid (MA).
  • To evaluate the stability and degradation products of these MOFs under simulated physiological conditions.
  • To assess the antibacterial activity of the synthesized MOFs against relevant bone infection pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of two novel calcium-medronic acid MOFs, GR-MOF-23 and GR-MOF-24, in aqueous and methanolic solutions.
  • Characterization of MOF structures and properties.
  • Stability testing in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 37 °C to monitor calcium ion release and identify degradation products.
  • Antibacterial assays against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis and full characterization of GR-MOF-23 ([Ca-(CH4O6P2)·H2O]) and GR-MOF-24 ([Ca-(CH4O6P2)·CH3OH]).
  • Progressive calcium ion (Ca2+) leaching observed from both MOFs in simulated physiological conditions (38.0 ± 2.8% and 35.8 ± 3.9% release after 1 week).
  • Degradation products identified as apatite and calcium phosphate phases, potentially promoting bone apatite formation.
  • Both MOFs demonstrated bacteria growth inhibition; GR-MOF-24 exhibited bactericidal action against E. coli and S. aureus, linked to sustained Ca2+ release.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized calcium-MA MOFs are stable under physiological conditions and degrade into bone-resembling mineral phases.
  • GR-MOF-24 shows promising antibacterial activity, suggesting its potential for treating bone infections.
  • These novel MOFs offer a dual therapeutic approach for bone fracture treatment and prosthetic applications, combining bone regeneration and antimicrobial properties.