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Related Experiment Video

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Dynamic Complexity of Positive and Negative Affect in NSSI - A Daily Diary Study.

Michaela Bruckbauer-Schwed1,2, Tim Kaiser3, Marc Keglevic1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Kardinal Schwarzenberg Klinikum, Schwarzach, Austria.

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|June 13, 2025
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Summary

Individuals with a history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) exhibit more positive affect and greater dynamic complexity (DC) in their emotional patterns compared to controls. Understanding these emotional dynamics is crucial for NSSI diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
affect instabilitydynamic complexityecological momentary assessmentnon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI)positive affect

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Affective Science

Background:

  • Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a significant public health concern.
  • NSSI is linked to emotional instability and intensity, with a focus on negative emotions.
  • The role of positive emotions and their dynamics in NSSI remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic complexity (DC) of positive and negative emotions in individuals with and without a history of NSSI.
  • To compare emotional dynamics between clinical NSSI and non-NSSI control groups using ecological momentary assessment (EMA).

Main Methods:

  • Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was used to collect daily affect data.
  • Participants included a clinical NSSI group (n=28) and a non-NSSI control group (n=33).
  • Dynamic complexity (DC) of affect time-series was calculated, and linear mixed models were employed.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with NSSI history reported significantly higher levels of positive affect.
  • A significantly higher dynamic complexity (DC) in overall affect was observed in the NSSI group compared to controls.
  • No significant differences were found in negative affect between the groups.

Conclusions:

  • Emotional dynamics, particularly positive affect, play a significant role in NSSI.
  • Assessing dynamic emotional patterns is vital for understanding NSSI.
  • These findings can inform diagnostic approaches and clinical interventions for NSSI.