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    Researchers explored the optical spin Hall effect in focused light beams. Modulating the vortex phase controls spin-dependent deflection and separation of light spins, offering a new way to manipulate optical properties.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Light-Matter Interactions

    Background:

    • The optical spin Hall effect (OSHE) arises from spin-orbit coupling, causing spin-dependent transverse deflection of light.
    • Vortex beams possess orbital angular momentum (OAM), influencing their propagation and focusing characteristics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically investigate the OSHE in tightly focused radially polarized beams with a trigonometric-function vortex phase.
    • To explore how modulating the vortex phase affects the OAM structure and total OAM.
    • To demonstrate control over the spatial separation and dynamics of different spin angular momentum (SAM) states.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of light propagation and focusing.
    • Mathematical modeling of radially polarized beams with trigonometric-function vortex phase.
    • Simulation of the focal field and analysis of SAM distributions.

    Main Results:

    • Broken symmetry in the vortex phase induces the OSHE in the focal field, leading to decentered spatial separation of SAM states.
    • Modulating the initial phase of the trigonometric-function vortex phase causes rotation of SAM distributions around the optical axis.
    • Periodic reversion between positive and negative SAM states is observed due to changes in total OAM and intrinsic OAM structure.

    Conclusions:

    • The trigonometric-function vortex phase provides an effective method to modulate the OSHE in focused vortex beams.
    • Control over SAM separation and dynamics is achieved by adjusting vortex phase parameters.
    • This work offers insights into manipulating spin properties of light through tailored vortex phase structures.