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Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
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Exploring the links between functional activation and hallucination proneness.

Abdullah M Alotaibi1, Manal H Alosaimi2, Razan S Orfali3

  • 1Research Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 12231, Saudi Arabia; Department of Experimental Psychology, Liverpool University, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK.

Brain Research Bulletin
|June 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with higher hallucination proneness show increased brain activation in language areas during visual tasks, suggesting an inhibition deficit. This functional MRI (fMRI) study in healthy adults reveals complex neural correlates of hallucination proneness.

Keywords:
Brain activationFunctional MRIHallucinationsLanguage-related areasThe continuum hypothesis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Hallucinations are linked to altered brain activation, particularly in sensory and language areas.
  • Current models of hallucination proneness lack robust empirical support, necessitating further investigation into neural correlates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural basis of hallucination proneness in healthy individuals using functional MRI (fMRI).
  • To examine the relationship between hallucination proneness scores and brain activation during auditory and visual processing tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy university students underwent fMRI scans while performing auditory and visual tasks.
  • Participants completed the Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale-Modified (LSHS-M) to assess hallucination proneness.
  • Correlations between LSHS scores and brain activation in task-relevant and irrelevant regions were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • No significant correlation was found between hallucination scores and activation in task-relevant brain regions.
  • Positive correlations were observed in language-related regions during visual tasks, indicating greater engagement in task-irrelevant areas.
  • Lateralization indices did not correlate with hallucination scores, challenging the continuum hypothesis in non-clinical samples.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest an inhibition deficit in individuals with higher hallucination proneness, supporting reduced cognitive control theories.
  • The study highlights the complex neural mechanisms underlying hallucination proneness and the need for further research with sensitive tasks and diverse populations.