Factors Associated with Attending to the Colorectal Cancer Screening Services among at-Risk Individuals in a...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global public health concern, yet screening participation remains low among at-risk populations. This study investigated factors influencing attendance at CRC screening services among at-risk individuals aged 50-70 years.

A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from November 2023 to February 2024, involving 360 participants aged 50-70 years. The sample included 180 cases (participants who attended CRC screening) and 180 controls (those who did not), selected through simple random sampling from a registry of at-risk individuals. Data were collected using validated questionnaires assessing demographic characteristics, health literacy, social, and family support. The content validity indices ranging from 0.66 to 1.00 with Cronbach's alpha coefficients of 0.91, 0.88, and 0.77, respectively. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression were used for analysis.

Annual physical check-ups and body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with screening attendance with CRC screening attendance. Individuals without annual check-ups were 55% less likely to attend CRC screening (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 0.45, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.29-0.70). Those with a normal BMI were 3.91 times more likely to attend screening compared to those with underweight BMI (AOR = 3.91, 95% CI: 1.20-12.77), after adjusting for gastrointestinal disease history.

Regular health check-ups and BMI play crucial roles in CRC screening participation. Targeted health interventions are essential to improve awareness and encourage screening participation, particularly among individuals lacking routine check-ups. Strengthening preventive healthcare efforts can help reduce CRC prevalence and enhance public health outcomes.