The Effect of Moringa Oleifera Ethanol Extract on Improving Cisplatin Induced Liver Cells Damages

Cisplatin, a widely used therapy for solid tumors, is associated with hepatotoxicity characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolization of liver cells, sinusoidal congestion, mononuclear and Kupffer cell infiltration, and focal necrosis. Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) leaves, rich in flavonoids with antioxidant properties, may mitigate hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ethanol extract of M. oleifera leaves on inflammation, oxidative stress, and liver cell damage in a rat model of cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity.

Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 11 groups, including controls and treatment cohorts. Cisplatin (5 mg/kgBW) was administered as a single dose, followed by a 28-day observation. M. oleifera was administered daily at doses of 300, 600, and 1200 mg/kgBW using three regimens: pre-treatment (7 days prior to cisplatin), concurrent treatment (simultaneously with cisplatin), and post-treatment (7 days after cisplatin). On day 28, blood samples were analyzed for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κβ), while liver tissues were assessed for cysteine-aspartic proteases (caspase)-3 levels and histopathological changes.

Pre-treatment with M. oleifera demonstrated the most effective reduction in liver damage, with the 1,200 mg/kgBW dose yielding optimal protective effects across all parameters. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in all measured variables across the treatment groups and dosing regimens.

M. oleifera exhibits a dose-dependent ability to mitigate inflammation, oxidative stress, and liver cell damage caused by cisplatin. The pre-treatment regimen with M. oleifera was the most effective.