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Anatomical Factors Affecting Root Coverage Outcomes in Mandibular Incisors: A 3-Year Prospective Clinical Study
Giovanna Laura Di Domenico1, Sofia Aroca2, Silvia Rizzuto3
1Dentistry Department, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Journal of Periodontal Research
|June 25, 2025
Summary
Coronally advanced flap with connective tissue graft (CAF + CTG) showed 52% complete root coverage for lower incisor recession after 3 years. Anatomical factors like baseline recession and root position influence long-term gingival margin stability.
Area of Science:
- Periodontology
- Restorative Dentistry
- Oral Surgery
Background:
- Gingival recession defects in mandibular incisors present treatment challenges.
- Predicting long-term outcomes of root coverage procedures is crucial for clinical success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate 3-year outcomes of coronally advanced flap with connective tissue graft (CAF + CTG) for treating gingival recession on lower incisors.
- To identify anatomical factors influencing gingival margin stability 3 years post-surgery.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 30 patients with mandibular incisor gingival recession treated with CAF + CTG.
- Clinical parameters (REC, KTW, MTT) and CBCT scans (inclination, root position, dehiscence, prominence) were assessed at baseline, 1, and 3 years.
Main Results:
- Complete root coverage (CRC) achieved in 52% of sites at 3 years.
- Significant reduction in recession depth (REC) observed, with stable parameters from 1 to 3 years.
- Baseline REC, apical root position, baseline KTW, and root prominence were associated with 3-year root coverage outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Site-specific anatomical factors negatively influence root coverage outcomes in mandibular incisors.
- Understanding these factors aids in predicting treatment success for gingival recession defects.
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