Return to Work After Work-Related Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Incidence and Determinants

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health
• Epidemiology
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Work-related injuries represent a significant global health issue.
• Despite challenges, occupational safety advancements have improved return-to-work timelines.
• This study addresses the need for comprehensive data on return-to-work (RTW) post-injury.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the pooled incidence of RTW among injured workers.
• To identify key factors influencing RTW outcomes.
• To inform strategies for enhancing work reintegration.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of multiple electronic databases.
• Meta-analysis of 16 eligible cohorts including 4164 workers.
• Random-effects models and meta-regression analysis were employed.

Main Results:

• A pooled RTW incidence of 79% was observed (95% CI: 0.67-0.88).
• Older age, male sex, higher education, and marriage were associated with increased RTW rates.
• Lacerations showed higher RTW rates compared to crushing injuries; mean RTW time was 102 days.

Conclusions:

• A substantial proportion of workers achieve RTW post-injury.
• Demographic factors (age, sex, marital status, education) and injury type significantly influence RTW.
• Personalized rehabilitation and targeted support are crucial for optimizing work reintegration.