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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
401
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

225
Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

A TNBS-Induced Rodent Model to Study the Pathogenic Role of Mechanical Stress in Crohn's Disease
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Brain structure and function changes in inflammatory bowel disease.

Jennifer Kornelsen1,2, Kelcie Witges2, Jennifer Labus3

  • 1University of Manitoba, Department of Radiology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Neuroimage. Reports
|June 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals significant brain structure and functional connectivity differences in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared to healthy controls. These findings highlight the brain-gut axis

Keywords:
Crohn's disease (CD)Functional connectivity (FC)Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)Resting state networks (RSN)Ulcerative colitis (UC)

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Area of Science:

  • Neurogastroenterology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research

Background:

  • The brain-gut axis plays a crucial role in the pathobiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
  • Understanding brain structure and functional connectivity (FC) is essential for elucidating IBD mechanisms.
  • Previous research indicates a complex interplay between the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract in IBD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in brain structure and FC in individuals with IBD compared to healthy controls (HC).
  • To explore variations in brain structure and FC between IBD subtypes: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD).
  • To establish the relationship between brain functional connectivity and the brain-gut axis in IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was employed to assess brain structure and FC.
  • The study included 111 participants with IBD (76 UC, 35 CD) and 74 HC.
  • Voxel-based morphometry, region-of-interest analysis, and independent component analysis were utilized.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in brain structure and FC were observed between IBD patients and HC.
  • These differences were noted in the default mode, cerebellar, and visual networks.
  • Distinct variations in brain structure and FC were identified between UC and CD subtypes.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms significant alterations in brain structure and functional connectivity in individuals with IBD.
  • These findings underscore the involvement of the brain-gut axis in the pathophysiology of IBD.
  • The results provide a foundation for further research into neurological underpinnings of IBD and potential therapeutic targets.