Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.1K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
1.1K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

728
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
728
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment00:59

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment

1.8K
All atomic nuclei are positively charged. When they have a nonzero spin, they behave like rotating charges. As a consequence of their charge and spin, these nuclei generate a magnetic field (B). This, in turn, gives rise to a magnetic moment (μ), which is randomly oriented in the absence of an external magnetic field. When an external magnetic field (B0) is applied, the magnetic moment vectors can align with the field or against it in 2 + 1 orientations. A hydrogen nucleus, which is just a...
1.8K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

1.2K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
1.2K
Carrier Transport01:21

Carrier Transport

571
The generation of electrical current in semiconductors is fundamentally driven by two mechanisms: drift and diffusion. These processes are essential for the functionality and performance of semiconductor-based devices.
Drift Current:
The drift of charge carriers is started by an external electric field (E). Charged particles, such as electrons and holes, experience an acceleration between collisions with lattice atoms. For electrons, this results in a drift velocity (vd) given by:
571
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

3.1K
All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Qubit-Efficient Quantum Chemistry with the ADAPT Variational Quantum Eigensolver and Double Unitary Downfolding.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2025
Same author

Coherent optical coupling to surface acoustic wave devices.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Quantum self-consistent equation-of-motion method for computing molecular excitation energies, ionization potentials, and electron affinities on a quantum computer.

Chemical science·2023
Same author

Symmetry Breaking Slows Convergence of the ADAPT Variational Quantum Eigensolver.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2022
Same author

Charge-noise spectroscopy of Si/SiGe quantum dots via dynamically-decoupled exchange oscillations.

Nature communications·2022
Same author

Adiabatic quantum state transfer in a semiconductor quantum-dot spin chain.

Nature communications·2021
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping
14:58

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping

Published on: June 3, 2015

14.9K

Ballast Charges for Semiconductor Spin Qubits.

Yujun Choi1,2, John M Nichol3, Edwin Barnes1,2

  • 1Virginia Tech, Department of Physics, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|June 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ballast charges reduce charge noise in semiconductor spin qubits by counteracting electromagnetic fluctuations. This method enhances quantum computing performance by increasing qubit dephasing times by 4-6x.

More Related Videos

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.8K
Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots
15:47

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots

Published on: November 1, 2013

16.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping
14:58

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping

Published on: June 3, 2015

14.9K
Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.8K
Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots
15:47

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots

Published on: November 1, 2013

16.4K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum computing
  • Semiconductor physics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Semiconductor spin qubits are promising for quantum computing.
  • Performance is limited by charge noise from electromagnetic environment fluctuations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce ballast charges to mitigate charge noise.
  • Enhance the coherence of spin qubits.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations of a screening layer with induced ballast charges.
  • Analysis of charge noise reduction and its effect on qubit dephasing.

Main Results:

  • Ballast charges significantly reduce the power spectral density of charge noise.
  • Dephasing time of single-spin qubits in Si/SiGe devices increased 4-6x on average.
  • Demonstrated a viable method for improving qubit performance.

Conclusions:

  • Ballast charges offer a promising strategy for improving spin qubit performance.
  • This technique addresses a key challenge in scalable quantum computing.
  • Further research into physical implementation and challenges is warranted.