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Risk factors for Taenia solium taeniasis: A case-control study in Lao PDR
Andrew Larkins1, Davina Boyd2, Vatsana Duangmala3
1School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.
Consumption of raw and undercooked pork are significant risk factors for Taenia solium taeniasis in northern Laos. Different pork supply chains require targeted food safety interventions to prevent neurocysticercosis transmission.
Area of Science:
- Parasitology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Neurocysticercosis, caused by Taenia solium, is a major cause of epilepsy in low and middle-income countries.
- Taenia solium taeniasis, the adult tapeworm infection, is the source of human cysticercosis.
- This infection remains under-investigated in Lao PDR.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate risk factors for Taenia solium taeniasis in northern Laos.
- To inform targeted food safety strategies for neurocysticercosis prevention.
Main Methods:
- A matched case-control study was conducted in northern Laos.
- Cases were identified using rrnS PCR and sequencing.
- Standardized questionnaires and conditional logistic regression were used to analyze risk factors.
Main Results:
- Eighteen cases and 36 controls participated.
- Consumption of raw pork (p < 0.05) and undercooked grilled pork (p < 0.05) were significant risk factors.
- Fermented pork consumption approached significance (p = 0.05).
Conclusions:
- Raw pork consumption is primarily linked to wild, opportunistically caught pigs.
- Undercooked pork is consumed year-round from various pig sources (wild, local, commercial).
- Food safety initiatives must address distinct pork supply chains to control Taenia solium transmission.
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