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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
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An interferometric fiber optic vibration sensor based on random phase modulation.

Qi Li, Donghui Li, Yuanheng Zhao

    Optics Letters
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    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel fiber optic vibration sensor uses a unique probe pulse with random phase modulation for stable homodyne interferometry. This method enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by over 5.2 dB through multi-channel averaging.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Fiber optic sensing
    • Interferometry

    Background:

    • Traditional fiber optic vibration sensors often face limitations in system complexity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
    • Existing methods may struggle with scalability and achieving high-fidelity vibration measurements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a stable homodyne interferometric fiber optic vibration sensor.
    • To improve the SNR and simplify the system structure compared to conventional approaches.

    Main Methods:

    • A probe pulse with random phase modulation across three time slots was generated.
    • An unequal-arm Michelson interferometer was employed as the sensing element.
    • Direct detection and time-domain signal discrimination were utilized for demodulation.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed sensor achieved quantitative vibration measurement using ellipse fitting and arctangent algorithms.
    • The system demonstrated a simpler structure, enabling large-scale sensor arrays.
    • Multi-channel averaging improved the SNR by at least 5.2 dB.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed homodyne interferometric fiber optic vibration sensor offers a stable and scalable solution.
    • The random phase modulation technique and direct detection scheme provide enhanced SNR performance.
    • This approach presents a promising alternative for advanced vibration sensing applications.