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Related Concept Videos

iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Systemic Injection of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells in Mice with Chronic EAE
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Stem cell therapy in systemic sclerosis.

Lazaros I Sakkas1, Theodora Simopoulou2, Ioannis Alexiou3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110, Larissa, Greece. lsakkas@med.uth.gr.

Clinical Rheumatology
|July 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) treatment needs new approaches. While stem cell therapies show promise, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their derivatives may offer a refined therapeutic strategy for SSc patients.

Keywords:
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cellsBone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cellsHaematopoietic stem cellsMesenchymal stem cellsStem cell transplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Rheumatology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Fibrotic Diseases

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a severe autoimmune disorder characterized by fibrosis, microvasculopathy, and autoantibodies, leading to organ damage and reduced quality of life.
  • Current immunosuppressive treatments for SSc are insufficient, highlighting a significant unmet therapeutic need.
  • The complex pathogenesis involves both adaptive and innate immune cells, particularly in early skin lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging therapeutic strategies for systemic sclerosis.
  • To evaluate the potential of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in managing SSc.
  • To explore MSC-derived microvesicles as a refined therapeutic alternative.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on SSc pathogenesis and treatment modalities.
  • Analysis of the efficacy and limitations of aHSCT for SSc.
  • Assessment of the immunomodulatory, antifibrotic, and angiogenic properties of MSCs and their derivatives.

Main Results:

  • Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is a viable option for SSc but requires standardization to minimize risks.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) demonstrate therapeutic potential due to their multifaceted actions but need further refinement for clinical application.
  • MSC-derived microvesicles show promise by retaining MSC functions while potentially offering a safer and more manageable therapeutic approach.

Conclusions:

  • Significant unmet needs persist in systemic sclerosis treatment, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Stem cell-based therapies, including aHSCT and MSCs, represent promising avenues but require optimization.
  • MSC-derived microvesicles offer a potentially superior therapeutic approach for SSc, warranting further investigation and development.