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Congenital Anomalies in Iran: National and Sub-National Analysis From 1990 to 2021
Moslem Taheri Soodejani1, Maedeh Arshadi1, Maryam Kazemi1
1Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Background:
Congenital abnormalities are a major cause of infant mortality, impacting healthcare and quality of life. This study analyzed trends in incidence and mortality from 1990 to 2021 using secondary data.
Methods:
An ecological study was conducted using the 2021 Global Burden of Disease dataset. Joinpoint regression analysis examined trends, while ArcMap GIS and the Moran I test assessed spatial distribution.
Results:
Mortality rates declined annually by 6.3% in males and 4.2% in females, while incidence rates decreased by 0.5% and 0.9%, respectively. Hot spots for incidence in 2021 were Sistan and Baluchestan and Khorasan Razavi, while Kerman had the highest neonatal mortality.
Conclusion:
Incidence and mortality of congenital abnormalities are decreasing in Iran, but eastern provinces remain high-risk areas.
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