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Clinical Practice Guidelines for Common Congenital Heart Diseases: A Scoping Review

Oscar Rivera-Torrejón1, Fabian A Chavez-Ecos2,3, Alvaro Taype-Rondan4,5

  • 1Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación - IETSI, EsSalud, Lima, Peru.

Sage Open Pediatrics
|July 4, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Clinical practice guidelines for congenital heart disease (CHD) often lack systematic reviews and fail to meet quality standards. This highlights a critical need for improved, evidence-based guidelines in CHD diagnosis and management.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Evidence-based Medicine
  • Health Policy

Background:

  • Congenital heart diseases (CHD) require clear diagnostic and management protocols.
  • Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) aim to standardize care but their quality varies.
  • Assessing the reliability of current CPG for common CHDs is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the characteristics and reliability of CPG for diagnosing and managing common CHDs.
  • To identify gaps in the development and quality of existing CHD guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review was conducted on CPG for specific CHDs (VSD, ASD, PDA, CoA) published/updated between 2018 and April 2023.
  • Searches included general search engines, CPG repositories, and guideline-issuing organizations.
  • The Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II (AGREE-II) tool assessed guideline reliability, with ≥70% considered acceptable quality.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-one CPGs were identified for review.
  • Only 28.6% of the guidelines incorporated systematic reviews.
  • No CPG achieved an acceptable AGREE-II quality score, indicating significant deficiencies.

Conclusions:

  • Most CPG for CHD do not meet acceptable quality standards.
  • Key areas for improvement include systematic review implementation and stakeholder involvement.
  • There is a pressing need for developing robust, evidence-based guidelines to improve CHD diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
aortic coarctationclinical practice guidelinecongenital heart diseaseheart septal defectspatent ductus arteriosus

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