Balint Syndrome in a Patient With Isolated Corpus Callosum Stroke: A Case Study With Narrative Review

We report a case of an isolated bilateral corpus callosum stroke (body and splenium) who exhibited Balint syndrome (optic ataxia, simultanagnosia, optic apraxia), along with a partial Gerstmann syndrome (left/right disorientation, acalculia, finger agnosia), with extinction to double simultaneous stimulation and astereognosis without direct involvements of the parietal lobes. We review the vascular anatomy of the corpus callosum, mechanisms and risk factors for stroke in this area, and the components of Balint syndrome and localization, with descriptions of recent data on neural networks involved in higher-level cortical function. Attention to the visual-spatial symptoms of Balint syndrome is important to consider when evaluating and treating patients with ischemic disease of the corpus callosum.