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Ethics in Research

Ethics in Research

Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.

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Breaking down the barriers to animal-free research.

Lauren Hope¹, Jarrod Bailey¹

¹Animal Free Research UK, London, UK.

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals : ATLA

|July 8, 2025

Summary

Animal research faces challenges due to human-animal differences, impacting drug development. New human-focused methods (NAMs) offer better prediction, but adoption requires overcoming barriers to advance research.

Keywords:

NAMs in vitro models new approach methodologies organ-on-a-chip replacement

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Published on: January 31, 2022

Area of Science:

Biomedical research
Translational science
Drug development

Background:

Animal models are historically used in research due to similarities with humans.
Significant human-animal physiological and genetic differences can limit the translatability of research findings.
This lack of translatability contributes to a high failure rate (92%) in clinical trials for novel therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline key differences between humans and animals in research contexts.
To discuss obstacles hindering the adoption of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs).
To provide recommendations for accelerating the transition to human-focused research.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on human-animal differences in research.
Analysis of barriers to the implementation of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs).
Exploration of in silico and 3-D in vitro models as alternatives.

Main Results:

Identified significant biological discrepancies between humans and animals impacting research validity.
Highlighted obstacles to NAMs adoption: financial costs, publication bias, and reliability concerns.
Emphasized the potential of NAMs for improved prediction of human biology and therapeutic responses.

Conclusions:

A shift towards human-focused research using NAMs is crucial for improving drug development and understanding human diseases.
Addressing financial, publication, and reliability concerns will facilitate wider NAMs adoption.
Implementing recommendations can accelerate the transition, enhancing the predictive power of biomedical research.