Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

23.8K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.8K
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

137
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
137
Viruses of Archaea01:29

Viruses of Archaea

83
Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
83
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

4.1K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
4.1K
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

12.7K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
12.7K
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

12.3K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
12.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Artificial Intelligence (AI) paradox.

Bioinformation·2026
Same author

AI/ML-based computational models for toxicity prediction.

Environmental science and pollution research international·2026
Same author

Terrestrial dimethyl sulfide: Template for astrobiology.

Bioinformation·2025
Same author

Fourier transform in Bioinformatics and Biomedicine.

Bioinformation·2025
Same author

Regulation of inflammaging.

Bioinformation·2025
Same author

Protein disorder - function paradigm: Putative role in inflammation.

Bioinformation·2025
Same journal

Assessment of lower incisor position and symphysis dimensions among different skeletal patterns in the Chhattisgarh population.

Bioinformation·2026
Same journal

Low T3 syndrome and short-term outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: A retrospective observational study.

Bioinformation·2026
Same journal

Cardiovascular risk prevention awareness and practices in type 2 diabetes: Linking HbA1c and lipid levels.

Bioinformation·2026
Same journal

Assessment of periodontal condition using basic periodontal examination scores: A retrospective clinical study.

Bioinformation·2026
Same journal

Comparative evaluation of osseointegration among different surface modification techniques in dental implants.

Bioinformation·2026
Same journal

Micro-osteoperforations' impact on orthodontic tooth movement rate: Split mouth research.

Bioinformation·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods
10:40

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods

Published on: December 21, 2019

26.1K

Risk group-4 virus emergent threats.

Paul Shapshak1, Seetharaman Balaji2, Charurut Somboonewit1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33606, USA.

Bioinformation
|July 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Filovirus outbreaks in Africa (2021-2025) showed high case fatality ratios (CFRs). Despite official termination, epidemics persisted due to high pathogenicity and transmissibility, necessitating expanded global collaboration for pandemic preparedness.

Keywords:
AfricaCDCNIAIDNIHWorld Health Organization (WHO)biosafety laboratory (BSL)-4case fatality rateecologyemergent virusfilovirus (Ebola, Marburg and Sudan viruses)global warmingreservoirrisk group 4 (rg-4) virus pathogensvectorvirulence

More Related Videos

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds
09:29

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Published on: October 29, 2015

30.4K
Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an ABSL-4 Laboratory: 3. Aerobiology
11:13

Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an ABSL-4 Laboratory: 3. Aerobiology

Published on: October 3, 2016

14.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods
10:40

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods

Published on: December 21, 2019

26.1K
Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds
09:29

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Published on: October 29, 2015

30.4K
Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an ABSL-4 Laboratory: 3. Aerobiology
11:13

Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an ABSL-4 Laboratory: 3. Aerobiology

Published on: October 3, 2016

14.5K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Multiple Filovirus outbreaks occurred in Africa between 2021 and 2025.
  • These outbreaks exhibited high case fatality ratios (CFRs), consistent with Filovirus pathogenicity.

Discussion:

  • Epidemics continued despite official outbreak termination due to the viruses' inherent transmissibility and pathogenicity.
  • This highlights the challenges in controlling Filovirus spread and the need for sustained vigilance.

Key Insights:

  • Filovirus outbreaks pose a persistent threat, with epidemics continuing post-termination.
  • Elevated CFRs underscore the severity and public health impact of these viral hemorrhagic fevers.

Outlook:

  • Continued and expanded collaborative global strategies are crucial for mitigating future Filovirus outbreaks.
  • Enhanced pandemic preparedness is essential to effectively manage and control persistent viral epidemics.