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Published on: February 10, 2014
Comparative evaluation of osseointegration among different surface modification techniques in dental implants
Shivani Saxena1, Asad Musa Mujawar2, Swapnaneel Pradhan3
1Department of Periodontology, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Bioinformation
|June 12, 2026
Summary
Sandblasted large-grit acid-etched (SLA) surfaces show superior osseointegration for dental implants compared to machined surfaces. This finding guides surface selection for better implant predictability and longevity.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Orthopedic Research
Background:
- Optimal osseointegration is critical for long-term dental implant success.
- Comparative effectiveness of various dental implant surface modifications is not fully established.
- Surface characteristics significantly influence implant stability and bone integration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prospectively compare the osseointegration effectiveness of four dental implant surface modifications: sandblasted large-grit acid-etched (SLA), titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS), hydroxyapatite-coated (HA), and machined.
- To evaluate implant stability quotient (ISQ), marginal bone loss (MBL), and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) over 24 weeks.
- To determine the optimal surface modification for enhanced dental implant outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Prospective randomized study involving 120 dental implants in 80 patients.
- Randomization to four surface groups: SLA, TPS, HA, and machined.
- Regular measurements of ISQ, MBL, and BIC at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 weeks post-implantation.
Main Results:
- SLA surfaces demonstrated significantly higher ISQ and BIC at 24 weeks compared to machined surfaces (p<0.05).
- Hydroxyapatite-coated (HA) surfaces showed comparable results to SLA, performing better than machined surfaces.
- Titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS) surfaces exhibited intermediate osseointegration results.
- SLA modification resulted in the highest osseointegration parameters, with minimal bone loss and maximal stability.
Conclusions:
- Sandblasted large-grit acid-etched (SLA) surface modification is clinically superior for achieving optimal osseointegration in dental implants.
- SLA surfaces enhance implant stability and minimize marginal bone loss, contributing to predictable and long-lasting treatment outcomes.
- The findings provide evidence-based guidance for selecting implant surface modifications to optimize dental implant success rates.
Keywords:
Osseointegrationdental implantshydroxyapatite-coated (HA)implant stability quotient (ISQ)sandblasted large-grit acid-etched (SLA)surface modification
