NovaBone Bioactive Glass for Oral Bone Regeneration: Mechanisms, Innovations, and Clinical Outcomes

Bone regeneration remains a fundamental component of contemporary oral and implant dentistry, particularly in the management of post-extraction defects, periodontal bone loss, and implant site deficiencies. Among available grafting materials, synthetic bioactive substitutes have gained attention due to their ability to combine scaffold function with biologically active surface properties. NovaBone, a calcium phosphosilicate-based bioactive glass, has emerged as a clinically relevant option owing to its capacity for ionic dissolution, surface reactivity, and the promotion of mineralized tissue formation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the mechanistic basis, material characteristics, and clinical performance of NovaBone in oral bone regeneration. The biological activity of NovaBone is primarily driven by the release of silicon (Si), calcium (Ca), and phosphate ions, which contribute to osteogenic signaling, angiogenesis, and the formation of a hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer that facilitates bonding with host bone. In addition to its physicochemical properties, advancements in formulation, including putty and composite systems, have improved its clinical handling and adaptability. Clinical evidence indicates that NovaBone demonstrates favorable outcomes in periodontal intrabony and furcation defects, with additional applicability in socket preservation, ridge augmentation, sinus elevation, and peri-implant defect reconstruction. However, the available literature shows variability in study design, follow-up duration, and outcome measures, with relatively limited long-term randomized data specific to NovaBone formulations. Overall, NovaBone represents a promising bioactive graft material that integrates scaffold function with biologically driven regeneration. Its clinical utility is best understood within a mechanism-oriented framework that links material behavior to tissue response. Future research should focus on standardized clinical protocols and high-quality comparative trials to further define its role among contemporary regenerative biomaterials in implant dentistry.