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A Rehabilitation Program of Exoskeleton-assisted Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training with Non-immersive Virtual Reality for Stroke Patients
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Evaluating Differences in Smart Walker-Assisted Locomotion in Augmented and Virtual Reality Environment.

Matheus Loureiro, Weslley Oliveira, Fabiana Machado

    IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [Proceedings]
    |July 11, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) can enhance motivation in smart walker (SW) rehabilitation. AR use resulted in more items collected and greater enjoyment compared to VR, suggesting AR

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    Area of Science:

    • Rehabilitation Robotics
    • Human-Computer Interaction
    • Geriatric Medicine

    Background:

    • Population aging increases demand for mobility assistance.
    • Rehabilitation robotics, like smart walkers (SW), aid motor impairments.
    • Low patient engagement is a challenge in repetitive rehabilitation tasks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Evaluate differences between AR and VR for SW-assisted locomotion.
    • Assess user engagement and enjoyment in AR vs. VR rehabilitation settings.
    • Determine the impact of AR and VR on motivation and confidence during SW use.

    Main Methods:

    • Recruited 14 healthy volunteers for a 3-minute walk task.
    • Assisted participants with a smart walker (SW) in both AR and VR environments.
    • Collected items during the walk and administered the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) questionnaire.

    Main Results:

    • AR environment led to a 6.2% increase in items collected compared to VR.
    • Participants reported 5.6% higher enjoyment scores in AR (p=0.03).
    • AR demonstrated potential for greater user confidence and engagement.

    Conclusions:

    • Both AR and VR enhance enjoyment in robotic rehabilitation.
    • AR may provide a more engaging and confidence-building experience than VR.
    • Integrating AR with robotic systems shows promise for improving rehabilitation outcomes.