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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Cancer02:18

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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The cancer microbiome.

Huapeng Li1, Anne A Leaman1, Qingfei Zheng1

  • 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.

Advances in Clinical Chemistry
|July 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The cancer microbiome, microorganism communities in cancer, plays a role in cancer initiation, development, diagnosis, and treatment. Research advances focus on its functions and technological development despite challenges.

Keywords:
Cancer developmentCancer diagnosticsCancer microbiomeCancer therapyCarcinogenesisHost-microbe interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The cancer microbiome refers to microorganism communities associated with cancer.
  • Historically, the role of these microorganisms in cancer was debated, often considered contaminants.
  • Emerging evidence indicates the cancer microbiome actively influences cancer initiation, progression, diagnosis, and therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically summarize the discovery and recent research advances concerning the cancer microbiome.
  • To focus on the functional roles of the cancer microbiome in tumorigenesis and cancer development.
  • To highlight technological developments aiding the study of the cancer microbiome.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of recent scientific literature on the cancer microbiome.
  • Analysis of evidence supporting the functional roles of microbes within the tumor microenvironment.
  • Discussion of technological advancements and limitations in cancer microbiome research.

Main Results:

  • The cancer microbiome is a dynamic component of the tumor microenvironment, distinct from environmental microbes.
  • Microbes within tumors exhibit unique physiological and morphological characteristics.
  • Growing evidence confirms the microbiome's involvement in various cancer stages and treatment responses.

Conclusions:

  • The cancer microbiome is integral to cancer biology, not merely a contaminant.
  • Further research and improved analytical tools are crucial to overcome challenges in studying low-abundance intratumoral microbiota.
  • Understanding the cancer microbiome offers potential for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.