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Impact of hyperbaric oxygenation therapy (HBOT) on renal function in human
Solveig Kanowski1, Yuanhao Shen2, Till Klein3
1Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
Scientific Reports
|July 11, 2025
Summary
Hyperbaric Oxygenation Therapy (HBOT) largely preserves kidney function. While urine osmolality and a specific transporter expression increased, core renal parameters remained stable in healthy individuals undergoing HBOT.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Hyperbaric Medicine
- Physiology
Background:
- Hyperbaric Oxygenation Therapy (HBOT) involves 100% oxygen at increased pressure to enhance tissue oxygen delivery.
- Potential effects of HBOT on kidney function are not well-established in humans.
- Mechanisms include reactive oxygen species, antioxidant reactions, growth factors, and HIF-1α.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate HBOT's impact on renal function parameters in healthy individuals.
- To monitor changes in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and erythropoietin.
- To utilize urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) for documenting renal alterations.
Main Methods:
- A pilot study involving 23 healthy participants receiving 10 HBOT sessions.
- Blood and urine samples collected at baseline, 5th, and 10th sessions.
- Analysis of renal function markers, HIF-1α, erythropoietin, and urinary EV-based transporter expression.
Main Results:
- Heart rate decreased during HBOT, possibly due to vagal nerve stimulation.
- Serum HIF-1α, erythropoietin, blood pressure, and most renal parameters were unaffected.
- Urine osmolality and renal NKCC2 expression on urinary EVs significantly increased.
Conclusions:
- HBOT appears to largely maintain overall renal function in healthy individuals.
- Minor alterations, including increased urine osmolality and NKCC2 expression, may be linked to superoxide generation.
- HIF-1α downstream targets remained unchanged, suggesting insufficient hypoxia post-HBOT to significantly alter them.
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