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Postbiotics Formulation and Therapeutic Effect in Inflammation: A Systematic Review
Kinga Zdybel1, Angelika Śliwka1, Magdalena Polak-Berecka1
1Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
Postbiotics, derived from inactivated microbes, show promise for managing inflammatory diseases by modulating immune responses. Further research is needed to standardize preparations and conduct long-term trials for therapeutic applications.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Postbiotics are bioactive compounds from inactivated microorganisms.
- They demonstrate potential in preventing and treating inflammatory diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the therapeutic effects of postbiotics in inflammatory conditions.
- Evaluate current evidence on postbiotic efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, 2014-2024).
- 39 studies included; risk of bias assessed using Cochrane ROB 2.
- Bibliometric analysis performed using VOSviewer.
Main Results:
- Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae were common sources; heat inactivation predominated.
- Postbiotics exhibit anti-inflammatory effects via cytokine modulation, immune cell signaling, and barrier integrity.
- Potential benefits observed for inflammatory bowel diseases, autoimmune diseases, and metabolic syndrome.
Conclusions:
- Heterogeneity and risk of bias necessitate cautious interpretation of current findings.
- Future research should standardize postbiotic preparations and conduct long-term clinical trials.
- Postbiotics represent a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammation management.
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